In 1943, Pope Pius XII promulgated Divino afflante Spiritu, encouraging the translation of the Bible on the basis of original Hebrew & Greek texts. Prior to Divino afflante Spiritu the Latin Vulgate had served as the textual basis for Catholic translations of the Bible; this new directive from the pope inaugurated the modern era of Catholic biblical scholarship. The French Dominicans at the École Biblique in Jerusalem answered the call, publishing a French translation of the Bible—La Bible de Jérusalem—in 1956.